 zim://A/ _.html

   

       1950 ( Prisoner's dilemma :  (     "  "  .       ,
    ,    ,    .  ,  
       .

   

    :       ,    .  
   ,     - 15 ,         
        .      ,      
   ,     :       ,    
   ,       ,      - 15 .  
    ,       ()   ( )  :

  , 15 ,   , 15 ,
      ,       .     
  "   -   ?". '   : "    

'

,   ,     ,      " " "   .  '     .       
 ,    .   ,        .

           .   
        ( ,   ),    
          ( , ),      
 .

        ,        ,    
  ,       .      
        .

     ,              
    .      :

             .    
 :            .   
     ,         .     
 ,      .        .
  ,  ,     - 0,      

1 of 5 


15/01/2019 11:48 



 zim://A/ _.html

. ,      .         0-

   

     ,       ,    (  
   )  .        :     
      :          ,  . 
     ,         .    ,
     ,        ,      
   :

   , , 15 15 ,  ,
            ,     .
           .

   

      - ,   ,      " 
"
              .        (       ),    ,        " 
."


              .     ( , ,  , ,  )           200    .          200 
.
         , 
:


  :    ,    
.
   :    ,     
.
 :        
.
     ,     :( Tit For Tat)       
.
  ,  
.


           .      ,
     ,        .  ,  
       .        
  . -      ,       . 
          .

           .      . 
            ,     . 
    ,            

15/01/2019 11:48 

2 of 5 



 zim://A/ _.html

  :      ,     .   -- ,
       (     )      .  
            .      
  .  ,    ,         
    -   ,  .         
(       ,   ),        
 ., " "      ,    ,    
 ,      .

              
  ,              .

     

[1]
            .   
           ,    
  .               
     .           ,
        ,    - .

     ,               .         , 
        :     ()   
        .   ,    
    ,  -   .    ,    ,           . 
          ,  " " ( ) ,
         .     
  ,  ( ,   ).

[2]
           ,      :  " "         ,      . ,          
,
     
.


       ,    .     
,
    ,           
.
,
Generous Tit-for-Tat)           


[3]
            ." " ,( GTFT               ,GTFT-  
  (    "  ").

       ,           

[4]
 .   ,      ,      
      ,   ,    .   
  -, ,          
   ,( Tem ptation )  - ,( Sucker )   - ,( Reward )       .  , "  " ,.( Punis hm ent)

3 of 5 


15/01/2019 11:48 



 zim://A/ _.html

    ,     ,,

.   

     : 10  , - 80   
      : ( Pavlov) " ,   "          ,      

.GTFT       .       

      ,          .   
             ( 
    ,     ).

       ,       
           .   , ,  
  -  .G TFT    " "   --       :    - (    ),  
   .        ,     " "
     .- 2007          
       ,         ,   

[5]
. 

  - 

          .        :
  ,                
   ,       ,       .  
    :        ,       , 
   ,                 
     .     :      , 
             .       
 :       ,        .

   

  
   

   

  ,   , , 1984

' 

2005 

  ,     , , 1989

, 


  ,   , , 1995
  ,  ,  , 2000
    ,  ,   ,

   

     

4 of 5 


Nature 2005 ,     -  
 ',   , "  "

15/01/2019 11:48 


 zim://A/ _.html

      

   

    ,  

. .1 
The Evolution of Strategies in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, Robert A x elrod . .2 
Tit f or tat in heterogeneous populations, Martin Now ak and Karl Sigmund . .3 
A strategy of w in-stay, lose-shif t that outperf orms Tit-f or-Tat in the Prisoner's Dilemma . .4 

game, Martin Now ak and Karl Sigmund 
Cooperation in Symmetric and A symmetric Prisoner's Dilemma Games, Martin . .5 
Beckenkamp et al 

This article is is s ued from (http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9C 

%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A8?oldid=16705768) - vers ion 
of the Thurs day, January 01, 1970. The text is available under the Creative Com m ons 
Attribution/Share Alike (http://creativecom m ons .org/licens es /by-s a/3.0/) but additional term s m ay 
apply for the m edia files . 

5 of 5 15/01/2019 11:48 



